1 Corinthians 16

Syntactic observation

Περὶ δὲ τῆς λογείας τῆς εἰς τοὺς ἁγίους … κατὰ μίαν σαββάτου ἕκαστος ὑμῶν παρ’ ἑαυτῷ τιθέτω θησαυρίζων ὅ τι ἐὰν εὐοδῶται … τούτους πέμψω ἀπενεγκεῖν τὴν χάριν ὑμῶν εἰς Ἰερουσαλήμ — concerning the collection for the holy ones … on the first day of every week let each of you put something aside by himself, storing up whatever he may be prospered with … to carry your grace to Jerusalem. λογεία (collection) occurs in the New Testament only in these two verses — Rom 15:26 names the same undertaking with another word, κοινωνία (sharing), and this edition keeps the two apart as ‘collection / sharing’. κατὰ μίαν σαββάτου is the phrase of Acts 20:7, ‘the first day of the week’. εὐοδόομαι (be prospered on one’s way) is the verb of Rom 1:10, with ὁδός (way) inside it. τὴν χάριν ὑμῶν in v.3 calls the collection ‘grace’ — this edition does not paraphrase ‘gift’. δοκιμάζω (approve) follows the rule of Rom 1:28 and 14:22. ἐν παρόδῳ in v.7 (in passing) is a New Testament hapax. θύρα … ἀνέῳγεν in v.9 (a door has been opened) is perfect — the picture of Acts 14:27, ‘the door of faith’. ἐνεργής (effective) is the adjective of ἐνεργέω (work; 12:6); English ‘effective’ loses the root (a recorded loss). ἀντίκειμαι (oppose) is fixed at Luke 13:17 and 21:15.

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Syntactic observation

Γρηγορεῖτε, στήκετε ἐν τῇ πίστει, ἀνδρίζεσθε, κραταιοῦσθε. πάντα ὑμῶν ἐν ἀγάπῃ γινέσθω — stay awake, stand in the faith, act like men, become strong. Let all your things be done in love. Four imperatives follow without a conjunction — γρηγορέω (stay awake — the doorkeeper’s verb of Mark 13:34-37), στήκω (stand; Rom 14:4), ἀνδρίζομαι (act like men — a New Testament hapax, the verb from ἀνήρ, man), κραταιόομαι (become strong — the verb of the child who ‘became strong’ in Luke 1:80, 2:40). This edition keeps all four as verbs and adds no conjunction. ἀνδρίζομαι is not paraphrased ‘be brave’ — ‘man’ is in the word, the ἀνήρ of 13:11, ‘when I became a man’. πάντως with the negative in v.12 is ‘not at all’ (the rule of Rom 3:9). εὐκαιρέω (have opportunity) is the verb of Mark 6:31, ‘they had no opportunity’. ἔταξαν ἑαυτούς in v.15 (they appointed themselves) is the active of τάσσω in Acts 13:48 and Rom 13:1. παρουσία in v.17 is the ‘coming’ of men, so its site parts from the ‘coming’ of Matt 24:3 only in Korean honorific. ὑστέρημα (lack) is the widow’s ‘lack’ in Luke 21:4 and ἀναπληρόω (fill up) the verb of 14:16 — ‘they filled up your lack’.

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Syntactic observation

Ὁ ἀσπασμὸς τῇ ἐμῇ χειρὶ Παύλου. εἴ τις οὐ φιλεῖ τὸν κύριον, ἤτω ἀνάθεμα. Μαράνα θά. ἡ χάρις τοῦ κυρίου Ἰησοῦ μεθ’ ὑμῶν. ἡ ἀγάπη μου μετὰ πάντων ὑμῶν ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ — the greeting in my own hand — Paul’s. If anyone does not love the Lord, let him be accursed. Marana tha. The grace of the Lord Jesus be with you. My love be with you all in Christ Jesus. Verse 21 is the point where the letter passes from the scribe to Paul’s own hand — the counterpart of Rom 16:22, where the scribe Tertius leaves his own name. Μαράνα θά in v.22 is Aramaic — the base text prints it as two words (marked ⸂⸃; some manuscripts join them as one) and attaches no gloss. This edition carries the sound only (‘Marana tha’) and does not insert ‘Our Lord, come’ where the base text gives no gloss; unlike ‘Talitha koum’ in Mark 5:41 there is no ὅ ἐστιν here. ἀνάθεμα (accursed) is the word of 12:3, ‘Jesus is accursed’, returning at the letter’s end. φιλέω (love) occurs in this letter only here, a different word from the ἀγάπη (love) of vv.14 and 24 — English has ‘love’ for both, so the split is lost (a recorded loss; John 21:15 ‘hold dear’ is the rule for the site where it stands against ἀγαπάω in one verse). Verses 23-24 are verbless blessings — ‘be’ is supplied, as in Rom 16:20. The base text marks ⸀Ἰησοῦ in v.23 and v.24 as variants (some manuscripts add ‘Christ’; some add ‘Amen’).

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