1
Ὡς δὲ ἐγένετο ἀναχθῆναι ἡμᾶς ἀποσπασθέντας ἀπ’ αὐτῶν, εὐθυδρομήσαντες ἤλθομεν εἰς τὴν ⸀Κῶ, τῇ δὲ ἑξῆς εἰς τὴν Ῥόδον, κἀκεῖθεν εἰς Πάταρα·
And when it came to pass that we put out to sea, having torn ourselves away from them, running a straight course we came to Cos, and on the next day to Rhodes, and from there to Patara;
2
καὶ εὑρόντες πλοῖον διαπερῶν εἰς Φοινίκην ἐπιβάντες ἀνήχθημεν.
and finding a ship crossing over to Phoenicia, we went on board and put out to sea.
3
⸀ἀναφάναντες δὲ τὴν Κύπρον καὶ καταλιπόντες αὐτὴν εὐώνυμον ἐπλέομεν εἰς Συρίαν, καὶ ⸀κατήλθομεν εἰς Τύρον, ἐκεῖσε γὰρ ⸂τὸ πλοῖον ἦν⸃ ἀποφορτιζόμενον τὸν γόμον.
And when Cyprus came into sight, leaving it on the left we sailed to Syria and came down to Tyre, for there the ship was to unload its cargo.
first here Syria Συρία Syria
first here Tyre Τύρος Tyros
4
⸂ἀνευρόντες δὲ τοὺς⸃ μαθητὰς ἐπεμείναμεν αὐτοῦ ἡμέρας ἑπτά, οἵτινες τῷ Παύλῳ ἔλεγον διὰ τοῦ πνεύματος μὴ ⸀ἐπιβαίνειν εἰς ⸀Ἱεροσόλυμα.
And finding the disciples, we stayed on there seven days; and they were telling Paul through the Spirit not to set foot in Jerusalem.
Why this rendering
Acts.21.4 Observation
Syntactic observation
οἵτινες τῷ Παύλῳ ἔλεγον διὰ τοῦ πνεύματος μὴ ἐπιβαίνειν εἰς Ἱεροσόλυμα — they were telling Paul through the Spirit not to set foot in Jerusalem. The disciples at Tyre say through the Spirit do not go; Paul at 20:22 goes bound in the spirit — the base text sets the two side by side and does not say which is right. This edition keeps spirit at both places and does not raise one to Holy. V.11, Agabus’s thus says the Holy Spirit (Τάδε λέγει τὸ πνεῦμα τὸ ἅγιον) has the prophets’ shape thus says the Lord (the prophetic formula); in the New Testament that shape occurs only here and in the seven letters of Revelation (2:1 …). Hand him over into the hands of the nations (παραδώσουσιν εἰς χεῖρας ἐθνῶν) is the phrase of Jesus’s third prediction at Luke 18:32 and Mark 10:33 — this edition renders it with the same sentence. V.14, the will of the Lord be done (τὸ θέλημα γινέσθω), is the wording of Gethsemane at Luke 22:42. V.13 συνθρύπτω, break (the heart), is unique in the New Testament.
Rendering options · 1
Adopted “through the Spirit” beside 20:22 “bound in the spirit” — neither raised
Basis What the base text sets against itself the translation does not adjudicate.
5
ὅτε δὲ ἐγένετο ⸂ἐξαρτίσαι ἡμᾶς⸃ τὰς ἡμέρας, ἐξελθόντες ἐπορευόμεθα προπεμπόντων ἡμᾶς πάντων σὺν γυναιξὶ καὶ τέκνοις ἕως ἔξω τῆς πόλεως, καὶ θέντες τὰ γόνατα ἐπὶ τὸν αἰγιαλὸν ⸀προσευξάμενοι
And when it came to pass that we had completed the days, we went out and were going on our way, all of them with wives and children sending us on our way as far as outside the city; and kneeling down on the beach and praying,
6
⸂ἀπησπασάμεθα ἀλλήλους, καὶ⸃ ⸀ἐνέβημεν εἰς τὸ πλοῖον, ἐκεῖνοι δὲ ὑπέστρεψαν εἰς τὰ ἴδια.
we said farewell to one another and went on board the ship, and they returned to their own.
7
Ἡμεῖς δὲ τὸν πλοῦν διανύσαντες ἀπὸ Τύρου κατηντήσαμεν εἰς Πτολεμαΐδα, καὶ ἀσπασάμενοι τοὺς ἀδελφοὺς ἐμείναμεν ἡμέραν μίαν παρ’ αὐτοῖς.
And we, finishing the voyage from Tyre, arrived at Ptolemais, and greeting the brothers we stayed one day with them.
8
τῇ δὲ ἐπαύριον ἐξελθόντες ⸀ἤλθομεν εἰς Καισάρειαν, καὶ εἰσελθόντες εἰς τὸν οἶκον Φιλίππου τοῦ εὐαγγελιστοῦ ὄντος ἐκ τῶν ἑπτὰ ἐμείναμεν παρ’ αὐτῷ.
And on the next day going out we came to Caesarea, and going into the house of Philip the evangelist, who was one of the seven, we stayed with him.
first here Caesarea Καισάρεια Kaisareia
first here Philippi Φίλιππος Philippos
9
τούτῳ δὲ ἦσαν θυγατέρες ⸂τέσσαρες παρθένοι⸃ προφητεύουσαι.
Now this man had four virgin daughters who prophesied.
10
ἐπιμενόντων ⸀δὲ ἡμέρας πλείους κατῆλθέν τις ἀπὸ τῆς Ἰουδαίας προφήτης ὀνόματι Ἅγαβος,
And as we were staying on for many days, a certain prophet named Agabus came down from Judea,
first here Judea Ἰουδαία Ioudaia
11
καὶ ἐλθὼν πρὸς ἡμᾶς καὶ ἄρας τὴν ζώνην τοῦ Παύλου δήσας ⸀ἑαυτοῦ τοὺς πόδας καὶ τὰς χεῖρας εἶπεν· Τάδε λέγει τὸ πνεῦμα τὸ ἅγιον Τὸν ἄνδρα οὗ ἐστιν ἡ ζώνη αὕτη, οὕτως δήσουσιν ἐν Ἰερουσαλὴμ οἱ Ἰουδαῖοι καὶ παραδώσουσιν εἰς χεῖρας ἐθνῶν.
and coming to us and taking Paul’s belt, binding his own feet and hands, he said, “Thus says the Holy Spirit: The man whose belt this is, the Jews will bind in this way in Jerusalem and hand him over into the hands of the nations.”
first here Jerusalem Ἰερουσαλήμ Ierousalēm
first here Jews Ἰουδαῖος Ioudaios
12
ὡς δὲ ἠκούσαμεν ταῦτα, παρεκαλοῦμεν ἡμεῖς τε καὶ οἱ ἐντόπιοι τοῦ μὴ ἀναβαίνειν αὐτὸν εἰς Ἰερουσαλήμ.
And when we heard these things, both we and those of the place were urging him not to go up to Jerusalem.
13
⸂τότε ἀπεκρίθη⸃ ὁ Παῦλος· Τί ποιεῖτε κλαίοντες καὶ συνθρύπτοντές μου τὴν καρδίαν; ἐγὼ γὰρ οὐ μόνον δεθῆναι ἀλλὰ καὶ ἀποθανεῖν εἰς Ἰερουσαλὴμ ἑτοίμως ἔχω ὑπὲρ τοῦ ὀνόματος τοῦ κυρίου Ἰησοῦ.
Then Paul answered, “What are you doing, weeping and breaking my heart? For I am ready not only to be bound but also to die in Jerusalem for the name of the Lord Jesus.”
first here Jesus Ἰησοῦς Iēsous
14
μὴ πειθομένου δὲ αὐτοῦ ἡσυχάσαμεν εἰπόντες· ⸂Τοῦ κυρίου τὸ θέλημα⸃ ⸀γινέσθω.
And as he would not be persuaded, we fell silent, saying, “The will of the Lord be done.”
15
Μετὰ δὲ τὰς ἡμέρας ταύτας ἐπισκευασάμενοι ἀνεβαίνομεν εἰς ⸀Ἱεροσόλυμα·
And after these days, having made ready, we were going up to Jerusalem;
16
συνῆλθον δὲ καὶ τῶν μαθητῶν ἀπὸ Καισαρείας σὺν ἡμῖν, ἄγοντες παρ’ ᾧ ξενισθῶμεν Μνάσωνί τινι Κυπρίῳ, ἀρχαίῳ μαθητῇ.
and some of the disciples from Caesarea also came with us, bringing us to one with whom we should lodge, a certain Mnason, a Cypriot, a disciple of old.
17
Γενομένων δὲ ἡμῶν εἰς Ἱεροσόλυμα ἀσμένως ⸀ἀπεδέξαντο ἡμᾶς οἱ ἀδελφοί.
And when we came to Jerusalem, the brothers welcomed us gladly.
18
τῇ δὲ ἐπιούσῃ εἰσῄει ὁ Παῦλος σὺν ἡμῖν πρὸς Ἰάκωβον, πάντες τε παρεγένοντο οἱ πρεσβύτεροι.
And on the following day Paul went in with us to James, and all the elders were present.
first here James Ἰάκωβος Iakōbos
19
καὶ ἀσπασάμενος αὐτοὺς ἐξηγεῖτο καθ’ ἓν ἕκαστον ὧν ἐποίησεν ὁ θεὸς ἐν τοῖς ἔθνεσιν διὰ τῆς διακονίας αὐτοῦ.
And greeting them, he expounded one by one the things God had done among the nations through his service.
20
οἱ δὲ ἀκούσαντες ἐδόξαζον τὸν ⸀θεόν, ⸂εἶπόν τε⸃ αὐτῷ· Θεωρεῖς, ἀδελφέ, πόσαι μυριάδες εἰσὶν ⸂ἐν τοῖς Ἰουδαίοις⸃ τῶν πεπιστευκότων, καὶ πάντες ζηλωταὶ τοῦ νόμου ὑπάρχουσιν·
And hearing it they glorified God, and said to him, “You observe, brother, how many tens of thousands there are among the Jews who have believed, and they are all zealous for the law;
21
κατηχήθησαν δὲ περὶ σοῦ ὅτι ἀποστασίαν διδάσκεις ἀπὸ Μωϋσέως τοὺς κατὰ τὰ ἔθνη πάντας Ἰουδαίους, λέγων μὴ περιτέμνειν αὐτοὺς τὰ τέκνα μηδὲ τοῖς ἔθεσιν περιπατεῖν.
and they have been instructed about you that you teach all the Jews who are among the nations departure from Moses, telling them not to circumcise their children nor to walk according to the customs.
first here Moses Μωϋσῆς Mōysēs
Why this rendering
Acts.21.21 Observation
Syntactic observation
ἀποστασίαν διδάσκεις ἀπὸ Μωϋσέως — you teach departure from Moses. ἀποστασία is the noun of ἀφίσταμαι (depart — 12:10 the angel departed; 15:38 Mark who had departed) — this edition does not raise it to apostasy but keeps the root, departure. To walk according to the customs (τοῖς ἔθεσιν περιπατεῖν) is the περιπατέω of Mark 7:5, walk according to the tradition of the elders. V.20 ζηλωταὶ τοῦ νόμου, zealous for the law — ζηλωτής is the word of Luke 6:15 and Acts 1:13, Simon called the Zealot; there it is a name and transliterated, here a common word (recorded as a loss). V.24 ξυράομαι, shave the head, is a different verb from 18:18 κείρω, shear the head — this edition keeps them apart (밀다 / 깎다). V.25 repeats the four things of 15:29 in the same order (sacrificed to idols · blood · strangled · sexual immorality) — a different order from 15:20, and this edition leaves each as printed.
Rendering options · 1
Adopted “departure from Moses” — the root of ἀφίσταμαι
Basis Apostasy loads a weight the base text does not carry.
Lost in translation
ζηλωτής — the Zealot (Luke 6:15; Acts 1:13, a name) and zealous (Acts 21:20; 22:3) are one word; this language transliterates the name, so the link is cut.
this edition — none of the nine carries it (measured)
22
τί οὖν ἐστιν; πάντως ⸀ἀκούσονται ὅτι ἐλήλυθας.
What then is it? They will surely hear that you have come.
23
τοῦτο οὖν ποίησον ὅ σοι λέγομεν· εἰσὶν ἡμῖν ἄνδρες τέσσαρες εὐχὴν ἔχοντες ⸀ἀφ’ ἑαυτῶν.
Do this then which we tell you: there are with us four men who have a vow on themselves.
24
τούτους παραλαβὼν ἁγνίσθητι σὺν αὐτοῖς καὶ δαπάνησον ἐπ’ αὐτοῖς ἵνα ⸀ξυρήσονται τὴν κεφαλήν, καὶ ⸀γνώσονται πάντες ὅτι ὧν κατήχηνται περὶ σοῦ οὐδέν ἐστιν, ἀλλὰ στοιχεῖς καὶ αὐτὸς ⸂φυλάσσων τὸν νόμον⸃.
Take these and purify yourself with them, and spend on them, so that they may shave their heads; and all will know that there is nothing in what they have been instructed about you, but that you yourself also keep in step, keeping the law.
25
περὶ δὲ τῶν πεπιστευκότων ἐθνῶν ἡμεῖς ⸀ἀπεστείλαμεν ⸀κρίναντες φυλάσσεσθαι αὐτοὺς τό τε εἰδωλόθυτον ⸀καὶ αἷμα καὶ πνικτὸν καὶ πορνείαν.
But concerning the nations who have believed, we sent word, having judged that they should keep themselves from what is sacrificed to idols and blood and what is strangled and sexual immorality.”
26
τότε ὁ Παῦλος παραλαβὼν τοὺς ἄνδρας τῇ ἐχομένῃ ἡμέρᾳ σὺν αὐτοῖς ἁγνισθεὶς εἰσῄει εἰς τὸ ἱερόν, διαγγέλλων τὴν ἐκπλήρωσιν τῶν ἡμερῶν τοῦ ἁγνισμοῦ ἕως οὗ προσηνέχθη ὑπὲρ ἑνὸς ἑκάστου αὐτῶν ἡ προσφορά.
Then Paul, taking the men, on the day after, having purified himself with them, went into the temple, proclaiming the fulfilment of the days of purification until the offering was offered for each one of them.
27
Ὡς δὲ ἔμελλον αἱ ἑπτὰ ἡμέραι συντελεῖσθαι, οἱ ἀπὸ τῆς Ἀσίας Ἰουδαῖοι θεασάμενοι αὐτὸν ἐν τῷ ἱερῷ συνέχεον πάντα τὸν ὄχλον καὶ ἐπέβαλον ⸂ἐπ’ αὐτὸν τὰς χεῖρας⸃,
And when the seven days were about to be completed, the Jews from Asia, seeing him in the temple, were confounding the whole crowd, and laid hands on him,
28
κράζοντες· Ἄνδρες Ἰσραηλῖται, βοηθεῖτε· οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ ἄνθρωπος ὁ κατὰ τοῦ λαοῦ καὶ τοῦ νόμου καὶ τοῦ τόπου τούτου πάντας ⸀πανταχῇ διδάσκων, ἔτι τε καὶ Ἕλληνας εἰσήγαγεν εἰς τὸ ἱερὸν καὶ κεκοίνωκεν τὸν ἅγιον τόπον τοῦτον.
crying out, “Men, Israelites, help! This is the man who teaches everyone everywhere against the people and the law and this place; and besides, he has even brought Greeks into the temple and made this holy place common.”
first here Israelite Ἰσραηλίτης Israēlitēs
first here Greeks Ἕλλην Hellēn
Why this rendering
Acts.21.28 Observation
Syntactic observation
Ἕλληνας εἰσήγαγεν εἰς τὸ ἱερὸν καὶ κεκοίνωκεν τὸν ἅγιον τόπον τοῦτον — he has even brought Greeks into the temple and made this holy place common. The charge has the shape of the charge against Stephen at 6:13 — against this holy place and the law (κατὰ τοῦ τόπου τοῦ ἁγίου τούτου καὶ τοῦ νόμου) ↔ against the people and the law and this place. κοινόω, make common, is the verb of 10:15, what God has cleansed, do not you make common — the word loosened in Peter’s vision is tightened again in the charge against Paul. V.29, they supposed (ἐνόμιζον) — the base text marks their guess as a guess. V.31 συγχύννεται, in confusion, is the verb of Pentecost (2:6) and Ephesus (19:32) — Jerusalem is the third. V.36 Αἶρε αὐτόν, away with him, is the cry of Luke 23:18, away with this man (Αἶρε τοῦτον) — the cry raised against Jesus is repeated against Paul.
Rendering options · 1
Adopted “Away with him” — the cry of Luke 23:18
Basis The same imperative of αἴρω in the same words.
29
ἦσαν γὰρ ⸀προεωρακότες Τρόφιμον τὸν Ἐφέσιον ἐν τῇ πόλει σὺν αὐτῷ, ὃν ἐνόμιζον ὅτι εἰς τὸ ἱερὸν εἰσήγαγεν ὁ Παῦλος.
For they had previously seen Trophimus the Ephesian in the city with him, whom they supposed that Paul had brought into the temple.
30
ἐκινήθη τε ἡ πόλις ὅλη καὶ ἐγένετο συνδρομὴ τοῦ λαοῦ, καὶ ἐπιλαβόμενοι τοῦ Παύλου εἷλκον αὐτὸν ἔξω τοῦ ἱεροῦ, καὶ εὐθέως ἐκλείσθησαν αἱ θύραι.
And the whole city was moved, and there was a running together of the people; and taking hold of Paul they were dragging him outside the temple, and at once the doors were shut.
31
ζητούντων ⸀τε αὐτὸν ἀποκτεῖναι ἀνέβη φάσις τῷ χιλιάρχῳ τῆς σπείρης ὅτι ὅλη ⸀συγχύννεται Ἰερουσαλήμ,
And as they were seeking to kill him, a report went up to the tribune of the cohort that all Jerusalem was confounded,
32
ὃς ἐξαυτῆς παραλαβὼν στρατιώτας καὶ ἑκατοντάρχας κατέδραμεν ἐπ’ αὐτούς, οἱ δὲ ἰδόντες τὸν χιλίαρχον καὶ τοὺς στρατιώτας ἐπαύσαντο τύπτοντες τὸν Παῦλον.
who at once, taking soldiers and commanders of a hundred, ran down on them; and they, seeing the tribune and the soldiers, ceased beating Paul.
33
⸂τότε ἐγγίσας⸃ ὁ χιλίαρχος ἐπελάβετο αὐτοῦ καὶ ἐκέλευσε δεθῆναι ἁλύσεσι δυσί, καὶ ἐπυνθάνετο ⸀τίς εἴη καὶ τί ἐστιν πεποιηκώς.
Then the tribune, drawing near, took hold of him and ordered him to be bound with two chains, and was inquiring who he might be and what he had done.
34
ἄλλοι δὲ ἄλλο τι ⸀ἐπεφώνουν ἐν τῷ ὄχλῳ· μὴ ⸂δυναμένου δὲ αὐτοῦ⸃ γνῶναι τὸ ἀσφαλὲς διὰ τὸν θόρυβον ἐκέλευσεν ἄγεσθαι αὐτὸν εἰς τὴν παρεμβολήν.
And some in the crowd were shouting one thing and some another; and since he could not know the certainty because of the uproar, he ordered him to be brought into the barracks.
35
ὅτε δὲ ἐγένετο ἐπὶ τοὺς ἀναβαθμούς, συνέβη βαστάζεσθαι αὐτὸν ὑπὸ τῶν στρατιωτῶν διὰ τὴν βίαν τοῦ ὄχλου,
And when he came to the steps, it happened that he was carried by the soldiers because of the violence of the crowd,
36
ἠκολούθει γὰρ τὸ πλῆθος τοῦ λαοῦ ⸀κράζοντες· Αἶρε αὐτόν.
for the multitude of the people was following, crying out, “Away with him.”
37
Μέλλων τε εἰσάγεσθαι εἰς τὴν παρεμβολὴν ὁ Παῦλος λέγει τῷ χιλιάρχῳ· Εἰ ἔξεστίν μοι εἰπεῖν ⸀τι πρὸς σέ; ὁ δὲ ἔφη· Ἑλληνιστὶ γινώσκεις;
And as Paul was about to be brought into the barracks, he says to the tribune, “Is it lawful for me to say something to you?” And he said, “Do you know Greek?
38
οὐκ ἄρα σὺ εἶ ὁ Αἰγύπτιος ὁ πρὸ τούτων τῶν ἡμερῶν ἀναστατώσας καὶ ἐξαγαγὼν εἰς τὴν ἔρημον τοὺς τετρακισχιλίους ἄνδρας τῶν σικαρίων;
Then you are not the Egyptian who before these days turned things upside down and led out into the wilderness the four thousand men of the Sicarii?”
Why this rendering
Acts.21.38 Observation
Syntactic observation
Ἑλληνιστὶ γινώσκεις; οὐκ ἄρα σὺ εἶ ὁ Αἰγύπτιος — do you know Greek? Then you are not the Egyptian? The tribune’s two questions stand together — speaking Greek is his ground for not being the Egyptian. σικάριος, Sicarii, is the Latin sicarius (dagger-man) written in Greek letters by the base text, unique in the New Testament — this edition transliterates it as it does centurion and custodia, and does not paraphrase it as assassins. V.39 Paul’s self-description — a Jew, of Tarsus in Cilicia, a citizen of no undistinguished city — Roman citizenship is added at 22:25. V.40 in the Hebrew language (τῇ Ἑβραΐδι διαλέκτῳ) — διάλεκτος is the word of 1:19 and 2:6, 8, in his own language. V.37 Ἑλληνιστί, in Greek, is the word of the title on the cross at John 19:20 — only two places in the New Testament.
Rendering options · 2
Adopted “Sicarii” — transliterated
Basis The base text writes the Latin by sound; so does this edition.
“four thousand assassins”
Basis Gives the sense.
Rejected It erases a word the base text imported — out of step with centurion and custodia.
39
εἶπεν δὲ ὁ Παῦλος· Ἐγὼ ἄνθρωπος μέν εἰμι Ἰουδαῖος, Ταρσεὺς τῆς Κιλικίας, οὐκ ἀσήμου πόλεως πολίτης· δέομαι δέ σου, ἐπίτρεψόν μοι λαλῆσαι πρὸς τὸν λαόν.
But Paul said, “I am a Jew, of Tarsus in Cilicia, a citizen of no undistinguished city; and I beg you, allow me to speak to the people.”
40
ἐπιτρέψαντος δὲ αὐτοῦ ὁ Παῦλος ἑστὼς ἐπὶ τῶν ἀναβαθμῶν κατέσεισε τῇ χειρὶ τῷ λαῷ, πολλῆς δὲ σιγῆς γενομένης ⸀προσεφώνησεν τῇ Ἑβραΐδι διαλέκτῳ λέγων
And when he had allowed him, Paul, standing on the steps, motioned with his hand to the people; and when a great silence had come, he addressed them in the Hebrew language, saying: